Countries

Friday, April 26, 2013

Iceland: Before I Go, Part 4/4: History Time


History in Brief

Size and Population Today
Iceland is 39,756 sq. miles, about as big as England, with .006% as many people. Or in American terms, that's 4 times the size of Massachusetts and with one-fifth of the people.  Most people live on the coast as the interior highland is uninhabitable, consisting largely of glaciers, lakes, lava, and sand.

First Settlement
Iceland is thought to have been briefly settled by Irish Monks, who then no doubt realized the country was trying to kill them, and moved on. Norse came over and permanently settled down, forming several chiefdoms that eventually were united under the what is the world’s oldest parliament.

Vikings
In early America, restless, landless young men dealt with being restless, landless young men by going west and conquering the frontier and mining for gold. In Iceland, they became Vikings. Taking advantage of new, faster ships, they raided monasteries along Britain’s coasts, before venturing as far as the Middle East and Russia. Raiding wasn’t unusual at the time; what was unusual was that the Vikings were so damn good at it.

Losing Independence
The chiefs decided, for the sake of unity, that they couldn’t be a part-pagan, part-Christian country and opted for Christianity. Around the 1200’s everything dissolved into battles between chiefs and Iceland saw a chance to restore order by accepting the Norwegian king’s rule. In the late 1300’s, Norway sold Iceland to Denmark, who imposes oppressive trading restrictions.

Regaining Independence
In 1918, Iceland became an independent state of Denmark, and move increasingly towards independence during World War 2 (in which it attempted to be neutral). In 1944, Iceland achieved official independent status, though that didn’t stop other countries from interfering in its international affairs. Britain and America occupied Iceland during WWII, and the USA would return to occupy a military base there during the Cold War.

Today
2008 marked Iceland’s major banking collapse and financial crisis. Iceland is currently trying to become part of the EU.

No comments:

Post a Comment